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Labetalol

Selected References:

  • Bateman BT, et al. 2016. Late pregnancy β Blocker exposure and risks of neonatal hypoglycemia and bradycardia. Pediatrics; 138(3). Pii: e20160731.
  • Beau A-B, et al. 2014. Safety of oseltamivir during pregnancy: a comparative study using the EFEMERIS database. BJOG. 121(7):895-900.
  • Caton AR, et al. 2009. Antihypertensive medication use during pregnancy and the risk of cardiovascular malformations.  Hypertension; 54(1):63-70.
  • Chan WS, et al. 2010. Neurocognitive development of children following in-utero exposure to labetalol for maternal hypertension: a cohort study using a prospectively collected database. Hypertens Pregnancy. 29(3):271-83.
  • Clark, S. M. et al. 2015. A review of oral labetalol and nifedipine in mild to moderate hypertension in pregnancy. Seminars in perinatology, 39(7), 548–555.
  • Crooks B et al. 1998. Adverse neonatal effects of maternal labetalol treatment. Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 79(2), F150–F151.
  • Davis RL, et al. 2011. Risks of congenital malformations and perinatal events among infants exposed to calcium channel and beta-blockers during pregnancy. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf.; 20(2):138-45.
  • Duan, L. et al. 2017. β-Blocker Exposure in Pregnancy and Risk of Fetal Cardiac Anomalies. JAMA Internal Medicine, 177(6), 885–887.
  • Firoz T, et al. 2014. Community Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) Working Group. Oral antihypertensive therapy for severe hypertension in pregnancy and postpartum: a systematic review. BJOG. 121(10):1210-8.
  • Fitton, C. A. et al. 2017. In-utero exposure to antihypertensive medication and neonatal and child health outcomes: a systematic review. Journal of hypertension, 35(11), 2123–2137.
  • Magee, L. A.et al. 2015. Labetalol for hypertension in pregnancy. Expert Opinion on Drug Safety, 14(3), 453–461.
  • O’Meara J, White WB: Ejaculatory failure and urinary dysfunction secondary to labetalol. J Urol 139:371-2, 1988.
  • Pasker-de Jong PC, et al. 2010. Antihypertensive treatment during pregnancy and functional development at primary school age in a historical cohort study. BJOG. 117(9):1080-6.
  • Reddy, S., & Jim, B. 2019. Hypertension and Pregnancy: Management and Future Risks. Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease, 26(2), 137–145. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.ackd.2019.03.017
  • Ruys TP, et al. 2014. Cardiac medication during pregnancy, data from the ROPAC. Int J Cardiol. 15; 177(1):124-8.
  • Tanaka K, et al. 2016. Beta-blockers and fetal growth restriction in pregnant women with cardiovascular disease. Circ J; 80(10):2221-6.
  • Van Zutphen AR, et al.   Maternal hypertension, medication use, and hypospadias in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.  Obstet Gynecol. 123:309-317.
  • Xie RH, et al. 2014. Association between labetalol use for hypertension in pregnancy and adverse infant outcomes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 175:124-8.
  • Xie RH, et al. 2014. Beta-blockers increase the risk of being born small for gestational age or of being institutionalized during infancy. BJOG. 121(9):1090-6.
  • Yakoob, M. Y. et al. The risk of congenital malformations associated with exposure to β-blockers early in pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex.: 1979), 62(2), 375–381.
  • Yang, X. et al. 2019. Distinct outcomes of labetalol exposed infants: case reports and systematic review. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 1–7.

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